Robert's Rules of Order: Quick Reference

A quick reference for running formal meetings.

Obtaining the floor

  • Be the first to stand when the current speaker finishes
  • State “Mr./Madam Chairman”
  • You must be recognised by the Chair before speaking
  • Raising your hand means nothing; standing while another has the floor is out of order

Starting debate

  • Debate cannot begin until the Chair has stated the motion and asked “Are you ready for the question?”
  • If no one rises, the Chair calls for the vote

Before the motion is stated

  • Members may suggest modifications
  • The mover can modify or withdraw without consent of the seconder
  • If the mover modifies, the seconder can withdraw their second

Order of questions

  • The “immediately pending question” is the last question stated by the Chair (Motion → Amendment → Motion to Postpone)
  • The member who moved the immediately pending question has preference to the floor

Conduct of debate

  • No member can speak twice to the same issue until everyone else wishing to speak has spoken once
  • All remarks must be directed to the Chair
  • Be courteous—avoid personalities, never allude to others by name or impute motives

Agenda and reports

  • The agenda and all committee reports are merely recommendations
  • Once presented and the question is stated, debate begins and changes can occur

Via Robert’s Rules of Order